% Class 3 
% Coded by Nigel Reuel
% Today is MATLAB Bootcamp Part 3
% Conditionals, Dispay, Exporting Data, Loops
% Plotting, Yahtzee Game
%
A = 10;
B = 6;
C = 9;
if A > 10
    disp('A is greater than 10!')
elseif A == 10
    disp('A is equal to 10')
else
    disp('A must be less than 10')
end
% Other logic statments 
% >, <, >=, <=, ~= (not equal)
% You can use multiple conditions in the same line
% 
%{
D = input('What is the value of D?');
if D > 10 && mod(D,2) == 0
    disp('D must be greater than 10 and even!')
elseif D < 10 || mod(D,2) == 0 % example of or 
    disp('D is less than 10 or even')
end
%}
% Catching errors
M1 = [1 2 3; 4 5 6; 7 8 9];
M2 = [1 2; 3 4];
try
    Answer = M1*M2
catch
    warning('This math operator does not work!')
end
% Recall 'disp' can display to the command prompt
% Using fprintf has more options
% Table 3.1 in notes has the different options
% Most common fprintf format is '%.4f'
% This integrates numbers and text nicely
% Example
p = pi;
%fprintf('Pi with 30 decimal spaces is %.30f',p)
% Move command prompt to the next line
fprintf('Pi with 30 decimal spaces is %.30f\n',p)
% You can use multiple numbers
nR = 5; nB = 3; nG = 7;
fprintf('There are %d red, %d blue, and %d green items.\n',nR,nB,nG)
% Exporting Data
M = [1 2 3 4; 5 6 7 8; 9 10 11 12; 13 14 15 16];
M2 = rand(5);
% Export these numbers to excel
% vs 2019 Matlab use writematrix
writematrix(M2,'DataExport1.xlsx')
% You can also record data that is mixed 
% (numbers and strings)
% Use writecell
M3 = {'Room' '# Students' 'chairs';
    23 50 25;
    25 67 43}
% Use write cell
writecell(M3,'Data2.xlsx')
% One example with xlswrite
xlswrite('Data3',M3)
% Loops in Matlab
% for loop - know the number of steps your algorithm should take
% while loop - don't know # of steps, but have some condition
%
% Examples
%{
% We want the user to give us a number
% We will square number and repeat 6 times
N = input('Give a number')
% Now we want to record the value of this number
% on each iteration
% Preallocate memory for the answers
Avec = zeros(6,1);
for i = 1:6
    N = N*2;
    Avec(i,1) = N;
end
Avec
fprintf('Final number is %d\n',N)
% Example of while loop
% User give number, divide by 2
% End when the number is less than 0.0001
N2 = input('Give a number')
% Let's count the number of times the loop executes
count = 0;
while N2 > 0.0001
    N2 = N2/2;
    count = count + 1;
end
fprintf('Code ran for %d iterations.\n',count)
% Within a for or while loop you can also use
% break - it exits the current loop
% continue - keep executing lines in loop, but exit on next iteration
% return - completely exit the function
%}
%{
% Example of infinite loop
N3 = input('give number')
while N3 > 5
    N3 = N3 + 2
end
%}
% Remember you can use ctrl+c to exit operation
% pause - command you can use to pause the program
% 
% tic toc command, used to time lines of code
n4 = 12;
tic
for i = 1:300
    n4 = n4 + n4/2;
end
toc
% A few notes on conditional statements
% Let's do this with the weather data
D = readmatrix('weather.xlsx');
HT = D(3:end,2)
% How many days were > 80'C
LA = HT>80 % Creates a logic array
NumDays = sum(LA)
% On what days was it > 80'C
I = find(HT>80)
% YAHTZEE example!